User:Mildwall/2016年航天活动列表

维基百科，自由的百科全书

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File:File:2016 in spaceflight.jpg
Clockwise from top: The first successful landing of a Falcon 9 Full Thrust first stage on an ASDS, HiRISE views the crash site of Schiaparelli on Mars, the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft about to be put into its Atlas V 411 payload faring, and JunoCam aboard Juno observes Jupiter during Perijove 3.
轨道发射
首次15 January
末次28 December
总计85
成功82
失败2
部分失败1
标识符83
火箭
处女航
退役Falcon 9 v1.1
载人航天
轨道5
人数合计14

Several new rockets and spaceports began operations in 2016. First, Russia inaugurated the far-Eastern Vostochny Cosmodrome on 28 April 2016 with a traditional Soyuz-2.1a flight,[1] before expanding it for the Angara rocket family in the following years. Then the Chinese Long March 7 took off for its maiden flight from the new Wenchang Satellite Launch Center on Hainan Island in the South China Sea on 25 June and the maiden flight of the Long March 5 took place on 3 November. Two years after its 2014 accident, the Antares rocket returned to flight on 17 October with its upgraded 230 version featuring the Russian RD-181 engine.

After many failed attempts, SpaceX started landing its Falcon 9 first stages on drone ships, edging closer to their long-stated goal of developing reusable launch vehicles. The company indicated that the recovered engines and structures did not suffer significant damage and they plan to launch a mission with a previously flown booster in January 2017.[2]

The ExoMars mission, a collaboration between the European and Russian space agencies, was launched on 14 March and reached Mars on 19 October.[3] Essentially dedicated to astrobiology investigations, this flight carries the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter which reached Mars orbit and Schiaparelli EDM lander which crashed upon landing. A subsequent flight scheduled for 2020 will carry the ExoMars rover along with four static surface instruments.[4] Meanwhile, the Japanese space probe Akatsuki started its observations of Venus in May[5] after spending five months gradually adjusting its orbit. Planetary exploration activities took center stage with the orbit insertion of NASA's Juno probe at Jupiter on 4 July, which was followed by the launch of NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission to asteroid 101955 Bennu on 8 September. Finally, on 30 September, the Rosetta probe executed a slow crash-landing on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko.[6][7]

Manned missions include the return of Scott Kelly and Mikhail Kornienko in March, after a year long mission on the ISS, the longest-ever continuous stay by astronauts at the station. Kelly also set the record for the longest stay of an American in orbit. Four ISS Expeditions numbered 47 to 50 were launched in 2016, the first one using the last Soyuz TMA-M spacecraft and the next three inaugurating the modernized Soyuz MS. Expedition 50 will continue into 2017. Several EVAs were planned to help maintain the exterior of the ISS. The experimental BEAM inflatable habitat was attached to the ISS on 16 April and expanded on 28 May, to begin two years of on-orbit tests. Meanwhile, China launched its new Tiangong-2 space laboratory in September, which was first visited by two astronauts for a month between 19 October and 17 November.

Orbital launches[编辑]

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日期和时间 (UTC) 火箭 发射场 发射服务提供者
有效载荷 操作者 轨道 功能 衰减 (UTC) 结果
附注

January[编辑]

15 January
16:57:04 		中国 Long March 3B/E 中国 Xichang LA-3 中国 CASC
白俄罗斯 Belintersat 1 Belarus Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
17 January
18:42:18 		美国 Falcon 9 v1.1 美国 Vandenberg SLC-4E 美国 SpaceX
美国 Jason-3 NOAA / EUMETSAT Low Earth Earth observation 在轨 Operational
Final flight of the standard Falcon 9 v1.1, future flights will use the upgraded Falcon 9 Full Thrust. Falcon 9's first stage performed a soft landing on an Autonomous Spaceport Drone Ship in the Pacific Ocean, but the failure of one landing leg to lock into position caused it to fall over and break apart.[8]
20 January
04:01:00 		印度 PSLV-XL 印度 Satish Dhawan SLP 印度 ISRO
印度 IRNSS-1E ISRO Geosynchronous Navigation 在轨 Operational
27 January
23:20:48 		欧洲联盟 Ariane 5 ECA 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
美国 Intelsat 29e Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
29 January
22:20:09 		俄罗斯 Proton-M / Briz-M 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 200/39 俄罗斯 Khrunichev
法國 Eutelsat 9B Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
Carries the first laser communication node for the European Data Relay System
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February[编辑]

1 February
07:29:04 		中国 Long March 3C / YZ-1 中国 Xichang LA-2 中国 CASC
中国 BeiDou M3-S CNSA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
5 February
13:38:00 		美国 Atlas V 401 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 USA-266 (GPS IIF-12) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
7 February
00:21:07 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat 俄罗斯 Plesetsk Site 43/4 俄罗斯 RVSN RF
俄罗斯 Kosmos 2514 (GLONASS-M 751) VKS Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
7 February
00:30 		朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Unha 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Sohae 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 KCST
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4[9] KCST Low Earth Earth observation 在轨 Operational
10 February
11:40:32 		美国 Delta IV M+ (5,2) 美国 Vandenberg SLC-6 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 USA-267 / NROL-45 / Topaz-4[10] NRO Retrograde LEO Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
Spacecraft launched in a retrograde orbit
16 February
17:57:40 		俄罗斯 Rokot / Briz-KM 俄罗斯 Plesetsk Site 133/3 欧洲联盟 / 俄罗斯 Eurockot
欧洲联盟 Sentinel-3A ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
17 February
08:45:00 		日本 H-IIA 202 日本 Tanegashima LA-Y1 日本 MHI
日本 美国 Hitomi (ASTRO-H) JAXA / NASA Low Earth X-ray astronomy 在轨 Spacecraft failure
日本 ChubuSat-2 Nagoya University Low Earth Radiation / Amateur radio 在轨 Operational
日本 ChubuSat-3 MHI Low Earth Remote sensing / Space debris monitor 在轨 Operational
日本 Horyu-4 Kyushu Institute of Technology Low Earth Technology 在轨 Operational
Hitomi malfunctioned after initial checkouts, and is believed to have lost attitude control and snapped off its solar array. As of 28 April, JAXA has abandoned efforts to recover the spacecraft.[11]
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March[编辑]

4 March
23:35:00 		美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
卢森堡 SES-9 SES S.A. Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
High-velocity landing test ended with a hard landing on the Autonomous spaceport drone ship Of Course I Still Love You and destruction of the first stage.
9 March
05:20:07 		欧洲联盟 Ariane 5 ECA 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
法國 Eutelsat 65 West A Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
10 March
10:31:00 		印度 PSLV-XL 印度 Satish Dhawan SLP 印度 ISRO
印度 IRNSS-1F ISRO Geosynchronous Navigation 在轨 Operational
13 March
18:56:00 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1b 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 31/6 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Resurs-P No.3 Roscosmos Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
The launch succeeded on its second attempt after a rare pad abort the day before.
14 March
09:31:42[4] 		俄罗斯 Proton-M / Briz-M 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 200/39 俄罗斯 Khrunichev
欧洲联盟 / 俄罗斯 ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter ESA Areocentric orbit Mars orbiter 在轨 Operational
欧洲联盟 Schiaparelli EDM lander ESA Martian Surface Mars lander 19 October 2016 Landing failure
Briz-M upper stage exploded after separation, apparently without damaging the orbiter or lander.[12]
18 March
21:26:38 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-FG 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 1/5 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Soyuz TMA-20M Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 47/48 7 September 2016
01:13		 Successful
Manned flight with three cosmonauts. Final flight of the Soyuz TMA-M variant
23 March
03:05:52 		美国 Atlas V 401 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 Cygnus CRS OA-6
S.S. Rick Husband 		Orbital ATK / NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 22 June 2016
13:29		 Successful
菲律宾 / 日本 Diwata-1 DOST / TU Low Earth Earth observation 在轨 Operational
美国 Flock-2e' × 20 Planet Labs Low Earth Earth observation 在轨 Operational
美国 Lemur-2 × 9 Spire Global Low Earth Earth observation 在轨 8 operational, 1 failed to deploy
Anomaly in the mixture ratio control valve assembly, causing the Atlas V booster engine to cut off five seconds early, resulting in a longer-than-usual Centaur orbital insertion burn.[13]
Cubesats deployed from the ISS and the Cygnus spacecraft at a later date.
24 March
09:42:00 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1a 俄罗斯 Plesetsk Site 43/4 俄罗斯 RVSN RF
俄罗斯 Kosmos 2515 (Bars-M) VKS Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
29 March
20:11:04 		中国 Long March 3A 中国 Xichang LA-2 中国 CASC
中国 BeiDou IGSO-6 CNSA IGSO Navigation 在轨 Operational
31 March
16:23:57 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1a 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 31/6 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Progress MS-02 / 63P Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 14 October 2016
13:39		 Successful
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April[编辑]

5 April
17:38:04 		中国 Long March 2D 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 Shijian-10 CAS Low Earth Microgravity Science 18 April 2016
08:30		 Successful
8 April
20:43:31 		美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
美国 SpaceX CRS-8 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 11 May 2016
18:31		 Successful
美国 BEAM Bigelow Aerospace / NASA Low Earth (ISS) Technology Demonstration / ISS Assembly 在轨 Operational
First stage landed successfully on drone ship Of Course I Still Love You for the first time, the second successful landing overall
25 April
21:02:13 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-STA / Fregat 法國 Kourou ELS 法國 Arianespace
欧洲联盟 Sentinel-1B ESA Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
法國 MICROSCOPE CNES Low Earth (SSO) Astrophysics research 在轨 Operational
丹麦 AAUSAT-4 Aalborg Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
義大利 e-st@r-II Polytechnic University of Turin Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
比利时 OUFTI-1 Liège Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
28 April
02:01:21 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1a / Volga 俄罗斯 Vostochny Site 1S 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Mikhailo Lomonosov MSU Low Earth (SSO) Gamma-ray astronomy 在轨 Operational
俄罗斯 Aist-2D SSAU Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
俄罗斯 SamSat 218 SSAU Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
First orbital flight from Vostochny Cosmodrome
28 April
07:20:00 		印度 PSLV-XL 印度 Satish Dhawan FLP 印度 ISRO
印度 IRNSS-1G ISRO Geosynchronous Navigation 在轨 Operational
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May[编辑]

6 May
05:21:00 		美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
日本 JCSAT-14 JSAT Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
First stage landed on Of Course I Still Love You droneship, the third successful landing and the first landing with a payload to geostationary transfer orbit.
15 May
02:43 		中国 Long March 2D 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 Yaogan 30 CNSA Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
24 May
08:48:43 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-STB / Fregat 法國 Kourou ELS 法國 Arianespace
欧洲联盟 Galileo FOC 10 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
欧洲联盟 Galileo FOC 11 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
27 May
21:39:00 		美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
泰国 Thaicom 8 Thaicom Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
First stage landed on Of Course I Still Love You droneship, the fourth successful landing and the second landing with a payload to geostationary transfer orbit.
29 May
08:44:35 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat 俄罗斯 Plesetsk Site 43/4 俄罗斯 RVSN RF
俄罗斯 Kosmos 2516 (GLONASS-M 753) VKS Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
30 May
03:17:04 		中国 Long March 4B 中国 Taiyuan LC-9 中国 CASC
中国 Ziyuan III-02 CNSA Low Earth (SSO) Earth imaging 在轨 Operational
阿根廷 ÑuSat-1/-2
(Aleph-1 constellation)[14] 		Satellogic Low Earth (SSO) Earth imaging 在轨 Operational
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June[编辑]

4 June
14:00:13 		俄罗斯 Rokot / Briz-KM 俄罗斯 Plesetsk Site 133/3 俄罗斯 RVSN RF
俄罗斯 Kosmos 2517 (Geo-IK-2 No.12) VKS Low Earth Geodesy 在轨 Operational
9 June
07:10:00 		俄罗斯 Proton-M / Briz-M 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 81/24 俄罗斯 Khrunichev
美国 Intelsat 31 / DLA-2 Intelsat / DirecTV Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
11 June
17:51:00 		美国 Delta IV Heavy 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-37B 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 USA-268 (Orion NROL-37) NRO Geosynchronous Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
12 June
15:30:04 		中国 Long March 3C 中国 Xichang LA-3 中国 CASC
中国 BeiDou G7 CNSA Geosynchronous Navigation 在轨 Operational
15 June
14:29:00 		美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
法國 Eutelsat 117 West B Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
百慕大 ABS-2A ABS Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
Satellites were successfully delivered to orbit, first stage landing on drone ship failed.
18 June
21:38:39 		欧洲联盟 Ariane 5 ECA 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
美国 EchoStar 18 EchoStar Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
印度尼西亚 BRIsat BRI Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
22 June
03:56:00 		印度 PSLV-XL 印度 Satish Dhawan SLP 印度 ISRO
印度 Cartosat-2C ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
加拿大 GHGsat GHGsat Inc. Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
加拿大 M3MSat CSA Low Earth (SSO) Communications 在轨 Operational
美国 SkySat-C1 Terra Bella Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
德国 BIROS DLR Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
印度 SathyabamaSat Sathyabama University Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
印度 Swayam College of Engineering, Pune Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
印度尼西亚 LAPAN-A3 LAPAN Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
美国 Flock-2p × 12 Planet Labs Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
24 June
14:30:00 		美国 Atlas V 551 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 MUOS-5 US Navy GSO Communications 在轨 Operational in off-nominal but usable orbit[15]
25 June
12:00:07 		中国 Long March 7 / YZ-1A 中国 Wenchang LC-2 中国 CASC
中国 Next-generation crew capsule scale model CNSA Low Earth Technology/Test Flight 26 June 2016
07:41		 Successful
中国 Star of Aoxiang NPU Low Earth Technology 29 September 2016 Successful
中国 Aolong-1 Low Earth Technology 27 August 2016 Successful
中国 Tiange-1 Low Earth Technology 27 August 2016 Successful
中国 Tiange-2 Low Earth Technology 24 August 2016 Successful
Maiden flight of the Long March 7 rocket and the first launch from the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center.[16]
29 June
03:21:04 		中国 Long March 4B 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 Shijian 16-02 CNSA Low Earth Technology 在轨 Operational
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July[编辑]

7 July
01:36:40 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-FG 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 1/5 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Soyuz MS-01 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 48/49 30 October 2016
3:58		 Successful
Manned flight with three cosmonauts. Maiden flight of the modernized Soyuz MS spacecraft variant.
16 July
21:41:45 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-U 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 31/6 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Progress MS-03 / 64P Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 1 February 2017
18:24		 Successful
18 July
04:45:29 		美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
美国 SpaceX CRS-9 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 26 August
15:47		 Successful
Delivering the IDA-2 segment of the NASA Docking System. Second successful return to launch site and vertical landing of a first stage, demonstrated as part of a controlled descent test.
28 July
12:37:00 		美国 Atlas V 421 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 USA-269 (Quasar NROL-61) NRO GSO[17] Communications 在轨 Operational
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August[编辑]

5 August
16:22:04 		中国 Long March 3B 中国 Xichang LA-3 中国 CASC
中国 Tiantong-1 01 CAST Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
9 August
22:55:25 		中国 Long March 4C 中国 Taiyuan LC-9 中国 CASC
中国 Gaofen-3 CAST Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
14 August
05:26:00 		美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
日本 JCSAT-16 JSAT Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
15 August
17:40:04 		中国 Long March 2D 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 Quantum Experiments At Space Scale (QUESS)[18] CAS Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
中国 Lixing-1 CAS Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
西班牙 3Cat 2 UPC Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
19 August
04:52:00 		美国 Delta IV M+ (4,2) 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-37B 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 AFSPC 6 / USA-270 / GSSAP #3 US Air Force Geosynchronous Space surveillance 在轨 Operational
美国 AFSPC 6 / USA-271 / GSSAP #4 US Air Force Geosynchronous Space surveillance 在轨 Operational
24 August
22:16:01 		欧洲联盟 Ariane 5 ECA 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
美国 Intelsat 33e Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational[19]
美国 Intelsat 36 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
31 August
18:50:00 		中国 Long March 4C 中国 Taiyuan LC-9 中国 CASC
中国 Gaofen-10 CAST Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 31 August 2016 Launch failure
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September[编辑]

3 September
07:00–09:00 (scheduled) 		美国 Falcon 9 Full Thrust 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-40 美国 SpaceX
Launch pad explosion destroyed both the rocket and the satellite two days prior to scheduled launch.[20]
8 September
11:20:00 		印度 GSLV Mk II 印度 Satish Dhawan SLP 印度 ISRO
印度 INSAT-3DR ISRO Geosynchronous Meteorology 在轨 Operational
8 September
23:05:00 		美国 Atlas V 411 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 OSIRIS-REx NASA Heliocentric Asteroid sample return 在轨 Operational
Will reach asteroid Bennu in August 2018
13 September
14:38:00 		以色列 Shavit-2 以色列 Palmachim 以色列 Israel Aerospace Industries
以色列 Ofeq 11 Israel Defense Forces Low Earth Reconnaissance 在轨 Satellite malfunction[21]
15 September
14:04:12 		中国 Long March 2F/G 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-1 中国 CNSA
中国 Tiangong-2 CNSA Low Earth Space station 在轨 Operational
中国 BanXing 2 SAST Low Earth Technology 在轨 Operational
Second Chinese space laboratory, BanXing 2 deployed 22 October
16 September
01:43:35 		欧洲联盟 Vega 法國 Kourou ELV 法國 Arianespace
秘魯 PeruSat-1 Peruvian Armed Forces Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
美国 SkySat x 4 Terra Bella Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
26 September
03:42:00 		印度 PSLV-G 印度 Satish Dhawan FLP 印度 ISRO
印度 ScatSat-1 ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Meteorology 在轨 Operational
印度 Pratham IIT Bombay Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
印度 PISAT PES University Low Earth (SSO) Earth Observation 在轨 Operational
美国 BlackSky Pathfinder 1 BlackSky Global Low Earth (SSO) Earth Observation 在轨 Operational
阿尔及利亚 Alsat-1N Algerian Space Agency Low Earth (SSO) Earth Observation 在轨 Operational
阿尔及利亚 Alsat-1B Algerian Space Agency Low Earth (SSO) Earth Observation 在轨 Operational
阿尔及利亚 Alsat-2B Algerian Space Agency Low Earth (SSO) Earth Observation 在轨 Operational
加拿大 CanX-7 UTIAS Space Flight Laboratory Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
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October[编辑]

5 October
20:30 		欧洲联盟 Ariane 5 ECA 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
澳大利亚 NBN-Co 1B / Sky Muster II NBN Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
印度 GSAT-18 ISRO Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
16 October
23:30 		中国 Long March 2F 中国 Jiuquan LA-4 / SLS-1 中国 CNSA
中国 Shenzhou 11 CNSA Low Earth Docking with Tiangong-2 18 November 2016
06:15		 Successful
Crewed flight with two astronauts[22]
17 October
23:45 		美国 Antares 230 美国 MARS Pad 0A 美国 Orbital ATK
美国 Cygnus CRS OA-5 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 27 November 2016
23:36		 Successful
美国 Lemur-2 × 4 Spire Global Low Earth Earth observation 在轨 Operational
CubeSats to be deployed from the ISS and Cygnus spacecraft at a later date
19 October
08:05 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-FG 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 31/6 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Soyuz MS-02 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 49/50 10 April 2017
11:20		 Successful
Manned flight with three cosmonauts
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November[编辑]

2 November
06:20:00 		日本 H-IIA 202 日本 Tanegashima LA-Y1 日本 MHI
日本 Himawari 9 JMA Geosynchronous Meteorology 在轨 Operational
3 November
12:42 		中国 Long March 5 中国 Wenchang LC-1 中国 CASC
中国 Shijian-17 CNSA Geosynchronous Technology 在轨 Operational
Maiden flight of the Long March 5 rocket. Shijian-17 will be a test of electric propulsion.
9 November
23:42 		中国 Long March 11 中国 Jiuquan 中国 CASC
中国 XPNAV 1[23] CAS Low Earth (SSO) X-ray pulsar-based navigation 在轨 Operational
中国 Xiaoxiang 1[24] Changsha Gaoxinqu Tianyi Research Institute Low Earth (SSO) Stabilization technology 在轨 Operational
11 November
18:30 		美国 Atlas V 401 美国 Vandenberg SLC-3E 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 WorldView-4 DigitalGlobe Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
美国 CELTEE 1 M42 Technologies Low Earth (SSO) Calibration 在轨 Operational
美国 Promethus-2 x2 LANL Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
美国 AeroCube 8 x2 Aerospace Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Operational
美国 OptiCube 4 NASA Orbital Debris Program Office Low Earth (SSO) Calibration 在轨 Operational
美国 RAVAN JHU/APL Low Earth (SSO) Technology, Earth Observation 在轨 Operational
CubeSats deployed after WorldView-4 separation as part of NRO-sponsored ENTERPRISE mission
11 November
23:14 		中国 Long March 2D 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 Yunhai-1 SAST Low Earth Earth observation 在轨 Operational
17 November
13:06:48 		欧洲联盟 Ariane 5 ES 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
欧洲联盟 Galileo FOC 7 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
欧洲联盟 Galileo FOC 12 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
欧洲联盟 Galileo FOC 13 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
欧洲联盟 Galileo FOC 14 ESA Medium Earth Navigation 在轨 Operational
17 November
20:20:14 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-FG 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 1/5 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Soyuz MS-03 Roscosmos Low Earth (ISS) Expedition 50/51 在轨 Operational
Manned flight with three cosmonauts
19 November
23:42:00 		美国 Atlas V 541 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 GOES-R NASA / NOAA Geosynchronous Meteorology 在轨 Operational
22 November
15:24:04 		中国 Long March 3C 中国 Xichang 中国 CASC
中国 Tianlian I-04 CNSA Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
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December[编辑]

1 December
14:52 		俄罗斯 Soyuz-U 哈萨克斯坦 Baikonur Site 1/5 俄罗斯 Roscosmos
俄罗斯 Progress MS-04 / 65P Roscosmos Planned: Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 1 December Launch failure
5 December
13:51:44 		欧洲联盟 Vega 法國 Kourou ELV 法國 Arianespace
土耳其 Göktürk-1 Turkish Armed Forces Low Earth (SSO) Reconnaissance 在轨 Operational
7 December
04:54 		印度 PSLV-XL 印度 Satish Dhawan FLP 印度 ISRO
印度 Resourcesat-2A ISRO Low Earth (SSO) Remote sensing 在轨 Operational
7 December
23:53 		美国 Delta IV M+ (5,4) 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-37B 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 USA-272 / WGS-8 US Air Force Planned: Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
9 December
13:26:47 		日本 H-IIB 日本 Tanegashima LA-Y2 日本 MHI
日本 HTV-6 JAXA Low Earth (ISS) ISS logistics 5 February 2017
15:06		 Successful
日本 EGG UTokyo Low Earth Technology/Re-entry Demonstration 在轨 Operational
義大利 TuPOD GAUSS Srl Low Earth TubeSat Deployment/Amateur Radio 在轨 Operational
土耳其/日本 UBAKUSAT[來源請求] İTÜ/Kyutech Planned: Low Earth Technology  
新加坡/日本 AOBA-VELOX 3 NTU/Kyutech Low Earth Technology 在轨 Operational
日本 STARS C Kagawa University Low Earth Technology 在轨 Operational
日本 FREEDOM Nakashimada Engineering Works/Tohoku University Low Earth Technology 5 February 2017 Successful
日本 ITF 2 University of Tsukuba Low Earth Technology 在轨 Operational
日本 Waseda-SAT 3 Waseda University Low Earth Technology 在轨 Operational
美国 OSNSAT Open Space Network Low Earth Technology 在轨 Operational
巴西 Tancredo 1 Escola Municipal Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves/INPE Low Earth Technology 在轨 Operational
美国 TechEDSat SJSU/UI Planned: Low Earth Technology 在轨 Operational
美国 Lemur-2 × 4 Spire Global Planned: Low Earth AIS 在轨 Operational
CubeSats to be deployed at a later date. Tancredo-1 and OSNSAT are carried inside TuPOD and to be deployed from it. STARS-C was deployed on 19 December 2016. ITF-2, WASEDA-SAT3, FREEDOM, EGG, AOBA-Velox III, and TuPOD were deployed on 16 January 2017.[25] Tancredo-1 and OSNSAT were released from TuPOD on 19 January 2017.[26] Lemur-2 and TechEdSat-5 were deployed on 6-7 March 2017.[27][28][29]
10 December
16:11:00 		中国 Long March 3B 中国 Xichang LA-3 中国 CASC
中国 Fengyun 4A CMA Planned: Geosynchronous Meteorology 在轨 Operational
15 December
13:37:21 		美国 Pegasus-XL 美国 Stargazer, Cape Canaveral 美国 Orbital ATK
美国 CYGNSS x 8 NASA Low Earth Meteorology 在轨 Operational
18 December
19:13 		美国 Atlas V 431 美国 Cape Canaveral SLC-41 美国 United Launch Alliance
美国 EchoStar 19 HughesNet Planned: Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
20 December
11:00 		日本 Epsilon 日本 Uchinoura 日本 JAXA
日本 Arase (ERG) JAXA Medium Earth (elliptical) Magnetospherics 在轨 Operational
21 December
19:22 		中国 Long March 2D 中国 Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 中国 CASC
中国 TanSat[30] CAS Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
中国 Spark x 2 CAS Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Operational
21 December
20:30 		欧洲联盟 Ariane 5 ECA 法國 Kourou ELA-3 法國 Arianespace
巴西 Star One D1 Star One Planned: Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
日本 JCSAT-15 JSAT Planned: Geosynchronous Communications 在轨 Operational
28 December
03:23:56 		中国 Long March 2D 中国 Taiyuan 中国 CASC
中国 SuperView / Gaojing-1 01 Beijing Space View Technology Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Partial launch failure
Operational
中国 SuperView / Gaojing-1 02 Beijing Space View Technology Low Earth (SSO) Earth observation 在轨 Partial launch failure
Operational
中国 Bayi Kepu 1 China Association for Science and Technology Low Earth (SSO) Technology 在轨 Partial launch failure
Operational
Launch vehicle problem deployed satellites in a lower than planned orbit. SuperView satellites raising their own orbits, but CubeSats cannot so may have short lifespan[31]
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Suborbital flights[编辑]

日期和时间 (UTC) 火箭 发射场 发射服务提供者
有效载荷 操作者 轨道 功能 衰减 (UTC) 结果
附注
15 January
03:00:00 		日本 S-310 日本 Uchinoura 日本 JAXA
日本 TPU / TU / TU / KU / JAXA Suborbital Ionospheric research 15 January Successful
Apogee: 161公里（100英里）[32]
22 January 美国 New Shepard 美国 Corn Ranch 美国 Blue Origin
美国 New Shepard crew capsule Blue Origin Suborbital Test flight 22 January Successful
Apogee: 101.7公里（63.2英里）[33]
23 January
08:30 		巴西 VSB-30 瑞典 Esrange 欧洲联盟 EuroLaunch
德国 / 欧洲联盟 TEXUS-53 DLR / ESA Suborbital Microgravity 23 January Successful
Apogee: 252公里（157英里）
28 January 美国 SRALT? 美国 C-17, Pacific Ocean 美国 MDA
MDA Suborbital ABM target 28 January Successful
Apogee: 300公里（190英里）, CTV-02+ target
28 January 美国 Ground Based Interceptor 美国 Vandenberg LF-23 美国 MDA
MDA Suborbital ABM test 28 January Successful
CTV-02+, successful test flight, the CE-II kill vehicle performed scripted maneuvers to demonstrate performance of alternate divert thrusters. Upon entering terminal phase, the kill vehicle initiated a planned burn sequence to evaluate the alternate divert thrusters until fuel was exhausted, intentionally precluding an intercept.
2 February
21:09 		巴西 VS-30 瑞典 Esrange 瑞典 SSC
瑞典 SPIDER/LEEWAVES SSC Suborbital Technology 2 February Successful
Apogee: 138公里（86英里）
21 February
07:34 		美国 LGM-30G Minuteman III 美国 Vandenberg LF-09 美国 US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 21 February Successful
GT217GM, Apogee: ~1,300公里（810英里） ?
22 February
04:15 		加拿大 Black Brant IX 美国 White Sands 美国 NASA
美国 CHESS-2 LASP Suborbital Astronomy 22 February Successful
Apogee: 309公里（192英里）
26 February
07:01 		美国 LGM-30G Minuteman III 美国 Vandenberg LF-10 美国 US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 26 February Successful
GT218GM, Apogee: ~1,300公里（810英里） ?
1 March
14:50 		美国 Terrier Malemute 美国 Wallops Island 美国 NASA
美国 MUSIC West Virginia University Suborbital Technology experiments 1 March Successful
Apogee: ~185 kilometers (115 mi)[34]
7 March
12:05 		美国 Terrier Orion 美国 Wallops Island 美国 NASA
美国 SOAREX-9 NASA Ames Suborbital Technology experiment 7 March Successful
美国 RadPC Montana State University Suborbital Technology experiment 7 March Successful
美国 VIP Controlled Dynamics Suborbital Technology experiment 7 March Successful
Apogee: ~159 kilometers (99 mi)
14 March 美国 UGM-133 Trident II D5 美国 Submarine, ETR 美国 US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 14 March Successful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 52
15 March 美国 UGM-133 Trident II D5 美国 Submarine, ETR 美国 US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 15 March Successful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 52
16 March 美国 UGM-133 Trident II D5 美国 Submarine, ETR 美国 US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 16 March Successful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 52
2 April
15:18 		美国 New Shepard 美国 Corn Ranch 美国 Blue Origin
美国 New Shepard crew capsule Blue Origin Suborbital Test flight 2 April Successful
美国 BORE Southwest Research Institute Suborbital Microgravity experiment 2 April Successful
美国 COLLIDE University of Central Florida Suborbital Microgravity experiment 2 April Successful
Apogee: 103.8 kilometers (64.5 mi). Third successful booster landing of the same rocket.[35]
26 April
17:00 		中华人民共和国 Tianying 3F 中华人民共和国 Hainan 中华人民共和国 CNSA
中华人民共和国 Kunpeng-1B CSSAR Suborbital Environment monitoring 26 April Successful
Apogee: 316公里（196英里）
18 May
00:45 		巴西 VS-30/Improved Orion 澳大利亚 Woomera Test Range 澳大利亚 DSTO
澳大利亚 HiFire-5B DSTO Suborbital Technology 18 May Successful
Apogee: 278公里（173英里）
18 May
07:02 		美国 MRBM-T3 美国 Kauai 美国 MDA
MDA Suborbital Radar target 18 May Successful
Medium Range Ballistic Missile Target, Aegis radar target FTX-21, apogee: 300公里（190英里）?
25 May 美国 RIM-161 Standard Missile 3-IB 美国“USS”号Hopper, Kauai 美国US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight 25 May Successful
Apogee: 100公里（62英里）?
26 May 美国 RIM-161 Standard Missile 3-IB 美国“USS”号Hopper, Kauai 美国US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight 26 May Successful
Apogee: 100公里（62英里）?
1 June
19:00 		加拿大 Black Brant IX 美国 White Sands 美国 NASA
美国 EVE CU Boulder Suborbital SDO calibration 1 June Successful
Apogee: 290公里（180英里）
19 June
14:35 		美国 New Shepard 美国 Corn Ranch 美国 Blue Origin
美国 New Shepard crew capsule Blue Origin Suborbital Test flight 19 June Successful
美国 Capillary Flow Experiment Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Suborbital Microgravity experiment 19 June Successful
美国 EITIC Louisiana State University Suborbital Microgravity experiment 19 June Successful
德国 MEDEA Braunschweig University of Technology Suborbital Microgravity experiment 19 June Successful
Apogee: 101 kilometers (62.8 mi). Fourth successful booster landing of the same rocket.
24 June
10:06 		美国 Terrier Improved Orion 美国 Wallops Island 美国 NASA
美国 RockOn/RockSat-C CU Boulder Suborbital Student experiments 24 June Successful
Apogee: ~119公里（74英里）
30 June
09:43 		美国 Improved Malemute 挪威 Andøya 挪威 Andøya
挪威 MaxiDusty 1 Oslo/Andøya Suborbital Atmospheric Science 30 June Successful
Apogee: 115公里（71英里）
1 July
07:18 		法國 M51 法國 Le Triomphant, Audierne Bay 法國 DGA/Marine nationale
DGA/Marine nationale Suborbital Test flight 1 July Successful
Apogee: 1,000公里（620英里）?
8 July
13:01 		美国 Improved Malemute 挪威 Andøya 挪威 Andøya
挪威 MaxiDusty 1b Oslo/Andøya Suborbital Atmospheric Science 8 July Successful
Apogee: 117公里（73英里）
19 July
04:05 		美国 Terrier Improved Orion 瑞典 Esrange 德国 DLR
德国 ROTEX-T DLR Suborbital Technology 19 July Successful
Apogee: 182公里（113英里）
27 July
18:26 		加拿大 Black Brant IX 美国 White Sands 美国 NASA
美国 Hi-C NASA/MSFC Suborbital Solar research 27 July Spacecraft failure
Apogee: 250公里（160英里）
17 August
11:33 		美国 Terrier-Improved Malemute 美国 Wallops Island 美国 NASA
美国 Rocksat-X University of Colorado Boulder Suborbital Student Research 17 August Successful
Apogee: ~153公里（95英里）
25 August 俄罗斯 RS-24 Yars? 俄罗斯 Plesetsk 俄罗斯 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 25 August Launch failure
31 August 美国 UGM-133 Trident II D5 美国“USS”号Maryland, ETR 美国 US Navy
US Navy Suborbital Missile test 31 August Successful
5 September
09:10 		美国 LGM-30G Minuteman III 美国 Vandenberg LF-04 美国 US Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight 5 September Successful
GT219GM, Apogee: ~1,300公里（810英里） ?
9 September 俄罗斯 RS-12M Topol 俄罗斯 Plesetsk 俄罗斯 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 9 September Successful
27 September 俄罗斯 RSM-56 Bulava 俄罗斯 K-535 Yury Dolgorukiy, White Sea 俄罗斯 VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 27 September Successful
27 September 俄罗斯 RSM-56 Bulava 俄罗斯 K-535 Yury Dolgorukiy, White Sea 俄罗斯 VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 27 September Launch failure?
The second missile self destroyed "after completing the first phase of the flight", maybe intentional. It appears to be a normal practice in salvo launches. The missile probably carried mockups instead of working upper stages and warheads to save money.
5 October
15:37 		美国 New Shepard 美国 Corn Ranch 美国 Blue Origin
美国 New Shepard crew capsule Blue Origin Suborbital Test flight 5 October Successful
In-flight escape test 45 seconds after launch. Booster unexpectedly survived and reached an apogee of 93.7公里（58.2英里） before completing its fifth successful landing.
12 October 俄罗斯 R-29R Volna 俄罗斯 K-433 Svyatoy Georgiy Pobedonosets, Sea of Okhotsk 俄罗斯 VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 12 October Successful
12 October 俄罗斯 R-29RMU Sineva 俄罗斯 K-407 Novomoskovsk, Barents Sea 俄罗斯 VMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test 12 October Successful
12 October 俄罗斯 RS-12M Topol 俄罗斯 Plesetsk 俄罗斯 RVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test 12 October Successful

Deep space rendezvous[编辑]

维基新闻中的相关報導：NASA's Juno spacecraft enters Jupiter orbit
Date (UTC) Spacecraft Event Remarks
14 January Mars Express Flyby of Phobos Closest approach: 53公里（33英里）.[36]
15 January[37] Cassini 116th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 3,817公里（2,372英里）.
31 January Cassini 117th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 1,400公里（870英里）.
16 February Cassini 118th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 1,018公里（633英里）.
4 April Cassini 119th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 990 kilometres (615 mi).
6 May Cassini 120th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 971公里（603英里）.
7 June Cassini 121st flyby of Titan Closest approach: 975公里（606英里）.
4 July[38] Juno Jovicentric orbit injection. First solar-powered Jovian probe (2nd orbiter)
4 July Mars Express Flyby of Phobos Closest approach: 350公里（220英里）.
25 July Cassini 122nd flyby of Titan Closest approach: 976公里（606英里）.
10 August Cassini 123rd flyby of Titan Closest approach: 1,599公里（994英里）.
27 August Juno 1st perijove of Jupiter Closest approach: 2,600公里（1,600英里）.[39]
26 September Cassini 124th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 1,737公里（1,079英里）.
30 September Rosetta Landing on 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko Probe was programmed to deactivate its thrusters and radio transmissions after landing.
19 October Trace Gas Orbiter (ExoMars 2016) Areocentric orbit injection
19 October Schiaparelli (ExoMars 2016) Landing on Mars, Meridiani Planum Probe entered Martian atmosphere intact, but contact was lost 50 seconds before expected landing.[40] NASA's MRO later identified the Schiaparelli crash site, confirming the loss of the lander.[41]
19 October Juno 2nd perijove of Jupiter Period Reduction Maneuver[42] originally planned, but delayed due to valve issues.[43] The maneuver was later cancelled entirely in favor of remaining in a 53-day orbit.[44]
13 November Cassini 125th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 1,582公里（983英里）.
16 November Mars Express Flyby of Phobos Closest approach: 127公里（79英里）.
29 November Cassini 126th flyby of Titan Closest approach: 3,223公里（2,003英里）.
11 December Juno 3rd perijove of Jupiter

Extra-Vehicular Activities (EVAs)[编辑]

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks
15 January
13:48 		4 hours 43 minutes 18:31 Expedition 46
ISS Quest
Replaced a failed voltage regulator responsible for shutting down one of the station's eight power channels in November 2015, and routed cables in support of the installation of the International Docking Adaptor. EVA terminated two hours early due to water leakage in Kopra's helmet, but the primary task was accomplished.[45]
3 February
12:55 		4 hours 45 minutes 17:40 Expedition 46
ISS Pirs
Deployed a commemorative flash drive, took samples of module exteriors, installed handrails for use in future EVAs, retrieved an astrobiology experiment, deployed a materials science experiment, and tested a tool for applying coatings to module exteriors.[46]
19 August
12:04 		5 hours 58 minutes 18:02 Expedition 48
ISS Quest
The astronauts installed the International Docking Adapter (IDA) which was delivered by Dragon CRS-9, allowing future commercial crew spacecraft to dock with the station. This first IDA was attached to Harmony's forward port, over the existing Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA).[47][48] The EVA terminated after completing the primary objective, without completing the secondary objectives, due to a malfunction of the right earphone of Jeff Williams.
1 September
11:53 		6 hours 48 minutes 18:41 Expedition 48
ISS Quest
The crew retracted a thermal radiator which is a backup, and then installed the first pair of several High Definition cameras to monitor the traffic around the station. Then they have performed some maintenance operations.[49]

Space debris events[编辑]

Date/Time (UTC) Source object Event type Pieces tracked Remarks
26 March 01:42[50] Hitomi Satellite breakup 10[51] JAXA lost communications with the freshly launched telescope during its early commissioning phase. Meanwhile, JspOC observed 5 then 10 pieces of debris diverging from the satellite, one of them comparably sized to the main spacecraft by radar signature.[52]

Hitomi itself went into a tumble and sent short intermittent communications. 截至2016年4月18日 (2016-04-18), the investigation into the root cause of the incident was ongoing. Collision with already-tracked space debris has been ruled out.[50] Multiple incidents in the spacecraft's attitude control system resulted in an excessive spin rate and breakup of structurally weak elements.[53]

In a twist of fate, one of the secondary payloads traveling with Hitomi was ChubuSat-3, a microsatellite dedicated to monitoring global warming effects and space debris.[54]

1 June 09:20 [55] SL-12 R/B (#33473) Booster breakup 20+ [55] An ullage motor, part of a Russian Proton-M rocket that was launched in December 2008, exploded for unknown reasons.[56]

Orbital launch statistics[编辑]

By country[编辑]

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket.

China: 22Europe: 9India: 7Israel: 1Japan: 4North Korea: 1Russia: 19USA: 22
  •   China: 22
  •   Europe: 9
  •   India: 7
  •   Israel: 1
  •   Japan: 4
  •   North Korea: 1
  •   Russia: 19
  •   USA: 22
Country Launches Successes Failures Partial
failures 		Remarks
 中国 22 20 1 1
 歐洲 9 9 0 0
 印度 7 7 0 0
 以色列 1 1 0 0
 日本 4 4 0 0
 朝鲜 1 1 0 0
 俄羅斯 19 18 1 0 Includes 2 Soyuz launches from Kourou
 美国 22 22 0 0 +1 pre-launch failure (Amos 6 / Falcon 9)
World 85 82 2 1

By rocket[编辑]

By family[编辑]

Family Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Antares  美国 1 1 0 0
Ariane  歐洲 7 7 0 0
Atlas  美国 8 8 0 0
Delta  美国 4 4 0 0
Epsilon  日本 1 1 0 0
Falcon  美国 8 8 0 0 1 Pre-launch failure
H-II  日本 3 3 0 0
Long March  中国 22 20 1 1
Pegasus  美国 1 1 0 0
R-7  俄羅斯 14 13 1 0
SLV  印度 7 7 0 0
Shavit  以色列 1 1 0 0
Unha  朝鲜 1 1 0 0
Universal Rocket  俄羅斯 5 5 0 0
Vega  歐洲 2 2 0 0

By type[编辑]

Rocket Country Family Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Antares 200  美国 Antares 1 1 0 0 Maiden Flight
Ariane 5  歐洲 Ariane 7 7 0 0
Atlas V  美国 Atlas 8 8 0 0
Delta IV  美国 Delta 4 4 0 0
Epsilon  日本 Epsilon 1 1 0 0
Falcon 9  美国 Falcon 8 8 0 0 1 Pre-launch failure
GSLV  印度 SLV 1 1 0 0
H-IIA  日本 H-II 2 2 0 0
H-IIB  日本 H-II 1 1 0 0
Long March 2  中国 Long March 8 7 0 1
Long March 3  中国 Long March 7 7 0 0
Long March 4  中国 Long March 4 3 1 0
Long March 5  中国 Long March 1 1 0 0 Maiden flight
Long March 7  中国 Long March 1 1 0 0 Maiden flight
Long March 11  中国 Long March 1 1 0 0
Pegasus XL  美国 Pegasus 1 1 0 0
Proton  俄羅斯 Universal Rocket 3 3 0 0
PSLV  印度 SLV 6 6 0 0
Shavit  以色列 Shavit 1 1 0 0
Soyuz  俄羅斯 R-7 6 5 1 0
Soyuz-2  俄羅斯 R-7 8 8 0 0
Unha  朝鲜 Unha 1 1 0 0
UR-100  俄羅斯 Universal Rocket 2 2 0 0
Vega  歐洲 Vega 2 2 0 0

By configuration[编辑]

By spaceport[编辑]

Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Baikonur  哈萨克斯坦 11 10 1 0
Cape Canaveral  美国 18 18 0 0 1 Pre-launch failure
Jiuquan  中国 9 9 0 0
Kourou  法國 11 11 0 0
MARS  美国 1 1 0 0
Palmachim  以色列 1 1 0 0
Plesetsk  俄羅斯 5 5 0 0
Satish Dhawan  印度 7 7 0 0
Sohae  朝鲜 1 1 0 0
Taiyuan  中国 4 2 1 1
Tanegashima  日本 3 3 0 0
Uchinoura  日本 1 1 0 0
Vandenberg  美国 3 3 0 0
Vostochny  俄羅斯 1 1 0 0 First launch
Wenchang  中国 2 2 0 0 First launch
Xichang  中国 7 7 0 0

By orbit[编辑]

Orbital regime Launches Achieved Not achieved Accidentally
achieved 		Remarks
Transatmospheric 0 0 0 0
Low Earth 42 41 1 0 Including 10 to ISS (+1 failed), 1 to Tiangong-2
Geosynchronous / transfer 32 31 1 0
Medium Earth 8 8 0 0
High Earth 0 0 0 0
Heliocentric orbit 2 2 0 0 Including planetary transfer orbits

References[编辑]

  1. 中国国家航天局
  2. 中国探月网
  3. Encyclopedia Astronautica
  4. Gunter's Space Page - Chronology of Space Launches
  5. 日本宇宙航空研究開發機構
  6. Jonathan's Space Report（SatCat.txt与Launchlog.txt两项）
  7. Mission Set Database (NASA GFC)
  8. NASA
  9. NASA SpaceFlight.com
  10. Orbital Report News Agency's Launch Logs
  11. Space Calander (NASA JPL)
  12. Southwest Space Archive
  13. SPACE.com Launch Forecast
  14. SpaceFlightNow
  15. Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive
  16. U.S. Space Objects Registry

Footnotes[编辑]

  1. ^ Путин разрешил перенести первый запуск с «Восточного». Tvrain.ru. [2017-03-21]. 
  2. ^ Payer, Markus. Leading satellite operator will be world's first company to launch a geostationary satellite on a reusable rocket in Q4 2016 (新闻稿). SES S.A. 30 August 2016 [30 August 2016]. 
  3. ^ Chang, Kenneth. ExoMars Mission to Join Crowd of Spacecraft at Mars. New York Times. 19 October 2016 [19 October 2016]. 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Chang, Kenneth. Mars Mission Blasts Off From Kazakhstan. The New York Times. 14 March 2016 [14 March 2016]. 
  5. ^ Clark, Steven. Japanese orbiter officially begins science mission at Venus. Spaceflight Now. 17 May 2016. 
  6. ^ Clark, Stephen. Scientists to land, and switch off, Rosetta comet probe in September. Spaceflight Now. 2 July 2016 [5 July 2016]. 
  7. ^ Gannon, Megan. Goodbye, Rosetta! Spacecraft Crash-Lands on Comet in Epic Mission Finale. Space.com. 30 September 2016 [1 October 2016]. 
  8. ^ SpaceX on Twitter: "After further data review, stage landed softly but leg 3 didn't lockout. Was within 1.3 meters of droneship center". Twitter. [2017-03-21]. 
  9. ^ North Korea plans satellite launch this month - World - CBC News. Cbc.ca. 2016-02-02 [2017-03-21]. 
  10. ^ Krebs, Gunter. NROL launches. Gunter's Space Page. [2016-12-08]. 
  11. ^ JAXA | Operation Plan of X-ray Astronomy Satellite ASTRO-H (Hitomi). Global.jaxa.jp. 2016-04-28 [2017-03-21]. 
  12. ^ King, Bob. ExoMars Mission Narrowly Avoids Exploding Booster. Universe Today. 24 March 2016 [26 March 2016]. 
  13. ^ Atlas V OA-6 Anomaly Status. United Launch Alliance. 31 March 2016 [31 March 2016]. 
  14. ^ Barbosa, Rui C. Chinese Long March 4B lofts satellites for Ziyuan-3 and Aleph-1 programs. NASASpaceflight.com. 29 May 2016. 
  15. ^ Justin Ray. Navy satellite claws its way to usable orbit after main engine failure – Spaceflight Now. Spaceflightnow.com. [2017-03-21]. 
  16. ^ 长征七号首飞成功 携带多用途飞船缩比返回舱. Sina.com. [25 June 2016] （Chinese）. 
  17. ^ NROL-61 satellite launched Thursday spotted in space by sky-watchers. Spaceflight Now. 30 July 2016. 
  18. ^ Jeffrey Lin; P.W. Singer; John Costello. CHINA'S QUANTUM SATELLITE COULD CHANGE CRYPTOGRAPHY FOREVER. Popular Science. 3 March 2016 [12 March 2016]. 
  19. ^ Stephen Clark. Intelsat satellite in service after overcoming engine trouble – Spaceflight Now. Spaceflightnow.com. [2017-03-21]. 
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 Malik, Tariq. Launchpad Explosion Destroys SpaceX Falcon 9 Rocket, Satellite in Florida. Space.com. 1 September 2016 [1 September 2016]. 
  21. ^ Graham, William. Israel launches Ofek spy satellite – officials confirm malfunctions. nasaspaceflight.com. 13 September 2016 [19 September 2016]. 
  22. ^ Huang, Jin. Why will Shenzhou-11 carry only two astronauts to space?. People's Daily Online. 8 March 2016 [10 March 2016]. 
  23. ^ Krebs, Gunter. XPNAV 1. Gunter's Space Page. [2016-11-01]. 
  24. ^ Krebs, Gunter. Xiaoxiang 1. Gunter's Space Page. [2016-11-01]. 
  25. ^ Successful deployment of six CubeSats delivered by KOUNOTORI6. JAXA. 16 January 2017 [17 January 2017]. 
  26. ^ TuPOD successfully deployed its two onboard TubeSats. GAUSS Srl. 20 January 2017 [28 January 2017]. 
  27. ^ NanoRacks on Twitter: "Successful #cubesat deployment early this morning at 10:25:01 GMT of two @SpireGlobal #Lemurs from the #NRCSD on @Space_Station". Twitter. NanoRacks. 6 March 2017 [27 March 2017]. 
  28. ^ NanoRacks on Twitter: "Another successful deployment! Two more @SpireGlobal #Lemurs deployed at 15:05:00 GMT from the NanoRacks CubeSat Deployer on #ISS". Twitter. NanoRacks. 7 March 2017 [27 March 2017]. 
  29. ^ NanoRacks on Twitter: "Deployment cycle complete! @NASAAmes #TechEdSat5 deployed from @Space_Station @ 18:20:00 GMT. Thanks to all who made this mission a success!". Twitter. NanoRacks. 7 March 2017 [27 March 2017]. 
  30. ^ TanSat (Chinese Carbon Dioxide Observation Satellite Mission). eoPortal.org. [18 December 2016]. 
  31. ^ Jeff Foust. Chinese satellites raising orbits after launch anomaly. SpaceNews.com. 2016-12-30 [2017-03-21]. 
  32. ^ 観測ロケットS-310-44号機　打上げ結果について. JAXA. 15 January 2016 [15 January 2015] （Japanese）. 
  33. ^ Berger, Brian. Launch. Land. Repeat: Blue Origin posts video of New Shepard's Friday flight. Space News. 23 January 2016. 
  34. ^ Koehler, Keith. MUSIC Successfully Launched from NASA Wallops. NASA. 1 March 2016. 
  35. ^ Foust, Jeff. Blue Origin flies New Shepard on suborbital test flight. Space News. 2 April 2016. 
  36. ^ Skimming Phobos | Mars Express. Blogs.esa.int. 2016-01-13 [2017-03-21]. 
  37. ^ Cassini Solstice Mission: Saturn Tour Dates: 2016. saturn.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. [6 September 2015]. 
  38. ^ Calandrelli, Emily; Escher, Anna. The top 15 events that happened in space in 2016. TechCrunch. 16 December 2016 [2016-12-16]. 
  39. ^ Agle, D. C.; Brown, Dwayne; Cantillo, Laurie. NASA's Juno Successfully Completes Jupiter Flyby. NASA. 27 August 2016 [1 October 2016]. 
  40. ^ William Harwood. ESA Mars lander Schiaparelli failed in "soft landing" but data sent back may be worth it. CBS News. 2016-10-20 [2017-03-21]. 
  41. ^ Plummer, Libby. European probe Schiaparelli 'exploded' on Mars' surface as Nasa images reveal crash site | Daily Mail Online. Dailymail.co.uk. 2016-10-21 [2017-03-21]. 
  42. ^ Lakdawalla, Emily. What to expect from JunoCam at Jupiter. Planetary.org. 9 June 2016 [1 October 2016]. 
  43. ^ Juno to delay planned burn | The Planetary Society. Planetary.org. [2017-03-21]. 
  44. ^ NASA’s Juno Mission to Remain in Current Orbit at Jupiter | NASA. Nasa.gov. 2016-07-04 [2017-03-21]. 
  45. ^ Garcia, Mark. Spacewalk Ends Early After Water Detected in Helmet | Space Station. Blogs.nasa.gov. 2016-01-15 [2017-03-21]. 
  46. ^ Garcia, Mark. Second Spacewalk of Year Complete | Space Station. Blogs.nasa.gov. 2016-02-03 [2017-03-21]. 
  47. ^ Spacewalk Concludes After Commercial Crew Port Installation. NASA. 19 August 2016. 
  48. ^ First Commercial Crew Docking Port established aboard ISS in challenging Spacewalk. Spaceflight101. 19 August 2016. 
  49. ^ NASA TV to Air U.S. Spacewalk, Briefing | NASA. Nasa.gov. [2017-03-21]. 
  50. ^ 50.0 50.1 Gruss, Mike. U.S. Air Force: No evidence malfunctioning Japanese satellite was hit by debris. Space News. 29 March 2016 [5 April 2016]. 
  51. ^ @JSpOC. 10 pieces from Astro-H break-up is posted on @SpaceTrackOrg. 41337 was amended to match the largest piece. The former 41337 is now 41442. (推文). 1 April 2016 [13 April 2016] –通过Twitter. 
  52. ^ New Orbital Data & Observations Dim Hopes for Japanese Hitomi Spacecraft. Spaceflight101. 2 April 2016 [5 April 2016]. 
  53. ^ Clark, Stephen. Attitude control failures led to break-up of Japanese astronomy satellite. Spaceflight Now. 18 April 2016 [21 April 2016]. 
  54. ^ ChubuSat Instrument Development Project / About ChubuSat-3 Satellite. Nagoya University. 13 April 2016 [13 April 2016]. 
  55. ^ 55.0 55.1 @JSpOC. Breakup Notification: SL-12 R/B (#33473) @ 0920-0930z on 1Jun16. 20+ associated pieces. No indication of collision. @SpaceTrackOrg. (推文). 2 June 2016 [16 June 2016] –通过Twitter. 
  56. ^ Russian Ullage rocket engine explodes in space. Spaceflight Insider. 4 June 2016 [16 June 2016]. 
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2020年代

Template:Orbital launches in 2016

2016年太空活動
太空探測器發射（英语：2016 in spaceflight）
撞擊事件
選擇的近地天体
行星
太陽系外行星 2016年發現的系外行星列表
太阳系
发现
彗星
太空探索

参考资料[编辑]

外部链接[编辑]

取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Mildwall/2016年航天活动列表&oldid=44807233”